Clutched Air Compressor
Traditional air compressors for brakes turn constantly and pump air when necessary. The air pressure is monitored and controlled typically by a governor valve that maintains the pressure between two set limits. The upper pressure is normally termed the “cut-out” pressure and the lower pressure limit is called the “cut-in” pressure, typically set at 130 psi and 110 psi respectively. The ratio of time at cut-out to cut-in is called the duty cycle, and this can vary between 10–30% depending on the type of operation and the amount of air the system consumes.
New clutched air compressors eliminate the robbing of engine power when the air tanks are already at required pressure levels. These designs typically have a multi-plate clutch arrangement mounted on the input drive to the compressor. When the air system pressure reaches its cut-out pressure, in addition to a signal sent to the compressor cylinder-head, there is also a signal sent to the clutch, which essentially disengages the compressor from the gear drive and therefore minimizes power consumption when the compressor is not pumping. When the system air pressure drops, the clutch is re-engaged and the compressor starts to deliver air again.
It is important to note that air compressors typically consume 0.25–0.8% of the truck’s fuel to perform their function, so any fuel economy gains from new technology will be modest.
Benefits
Reduce Power Consumption When Off-Load
Less Compressor Wear
Lower Oil Carryover
Challenges
Increased Cost
Increased Weight/Size
Additional Maintenance